Kabir

History chapter 1 The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Notes

Chapter  1  The Rise of Nationalism in Europe                                      

Frederic  Sorrieu , French Artist’s Painting

• In 1848, Frédéric Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic and social Republics’, as he called them.
•  It’s shows the peoples of Europe and America – men and women of all ages and social classes – marching in a long train

• Offering homage to the statue of Liberty

•   Statue of Liberty having torch of Enlightenment she bears in one hand and the Charter of the Rights of Man in the other

• On the earth in the foreground of the image lie the shattered remains of the symbols of absolutist institutions

•   Leading the procession, way past the statue of Liberty, are the United States and Switzerland

•   She is followed by the peoples of Germany, bearing the black, red and gold flag.

• From the heavens above, Christ, saints and angels gaze upon the scene

• This chapter will deal with many of the issues visualised by Sorrieu

• During the nineteenth century, nationalism emerged as a force which brought about sweeping changes in the political and mental world of Europe.

French Revolution and the idea of Nation

French Revolution

• Political and contitonal changes led to the transfer of sovereignty from monarchy to French citizens

• French revolutionaries introduced measures that could create a sense of collective identity

•  A new French flag was chosen

• Estates General renamed as National Assembly

•  A centralised administrative system formulated uniform laws for all citizens 

•  Uniform system of weights and measures adopted

• French became the common language of the nation

• Revolutionaries further made a mission liberate people of Europe for despotism

• Helping and guiding peoples of  Europe to become nations

Spread of nationalism

•  Standard and education middle classes in Europe began setting up Jacobin clubs

•  Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for French

• French armies moved into Holland, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy

•  With the outbreak of the revolutionary wars, French armies began to carry the of  Nationalism